IBM Systems Magazine, Power Systems - February 2018 - 45

Say a patient goes to the doctor for a PSA (Prostate-Specific
Antigen) prostate cancer screening,
which typically has a high rate
of false positives. Many people
get frightened if they may have
elevated PSA levels, but it shouldn't
really be an immediate cause for
concern because other factors will
instead indicate that the prostate
isn't cancerous. Maybe the prostate
is just inflamed. So the question is,
can we find a marker that complements or maybe replaces PSA tests
and is more specific and sensitive?
ISM: How does the physics
of fluids play into this new
work?
GS: Exosomes have been found in
virtually every fluid in the body,
therefore the physics of fluids
can play an important role in
separating the different components, including exosomes, from
those fluids. As it turns out, the
nanoDLD lends itself very well
to separating, identifying and
quantifying exosomes from fluid
samples. There are technical
difficulties with the isolation of
exosomes in that they're very
small, and we believe our technology can solve those difficulties.
When it does, we'll make big step
towards using exosomes in a
platform that could be used at the
doctor's office, which would make
a big contribution towards liquid
biopsy analysis.
ISM: So this will be used in
clinical settings?
GS: That's the idea and vision
behind what we're doing: A
person goes to a doctor and gives
a blood or urine sample. This
sample then goes into our device,
where the solution gets processed
in such a way that the exosomes
are separated and interrogated
with respect to the markers they
have. In the best case, you don't
have any markers that should

be of concern. In the worst case,
a few markers show levels that
are in a range that indicates
that we should do more testing.
So the advantage of this is that
you could look at many markers
simultaneously corresponding

to several cancers or even other
diseases in the same assessment
very fast and cheap.
ISM: How quickly would the
results come back?
GS: Ideally, within hours. So

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Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IBM Systems Magazine, Power Systems - February 2018
